全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
地质通报  2006 

印度/亚洲碰撞――南北向和东西向拆离构造与现代喜马拉雅造山机制再讨论

, PP. 1-14

Keywords: 喜马拉雅NS向和EW向拆离构造垂向和侧向挤出造山机制

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

印度/亚洲碰撞形成的喜马拉雅增生地体由特提斯-喜马拉雅(THM)、高喜马拉雅(GHM)、低喜马拉雅(LHM)和次喜马拉雅(SHM)亚地体组成。通过喜马拉雅增生地体中变质基底和盖层的组成、变质演化、变形机制与形成时代的对比,确定高喜马拉雅(GHM)亚地体北缘的藏南拆离断裂(STD)向北延伸于特提斯-喜马拉雅(THM)亚地体之下,与形成在大于650℃温度、具有自南向北剪切滑移性质的康马-拉轨岗日拆离带(KLD)相连,深部地壳局部熔融、物质上涌造成的花岗岩侵位,使康马-拉轨岗日拆离带隆起,形成康马-拉轨岗日穹隆带。在高喜马拉雅(GHM)亚地体北部(普兰-吉隆-聂拉木-亚东-带)的变质基底与盖层之间发现EW向近水平的高喜马拉雅韧性拆离构造(GHD),以发育EW向拉伸线理、缓倾的糜棱面理及具有自西向东水平滑移为特征;而在GHM南部靠近主中央冲断裂(MCT)北侧发育具有挤压转换性质的韧性走滑-逆冲断层。高喜马拉雅亚地体从南到北具有由逆冲→斜向逆冲→EW向伸展→斜向伸展→SN向伸展的连续变形和转换的特征,是在现代喜马拉雅垂向挤出和侧向挤出的耦合造山机制下综合变形的响应。喜马拉雅地体中的东西向和南北向拆离构造的存在为喜马拉雅现代造山机制再讨论提供了基础。

References

[1]  Dewey J F,Cande S,Pitman W C.Tectonic evolution of the India/Eurasia Collision zone[J].Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae,1989,82:717-734.
[2]  Gansser A.Geology of the Himalayas[M].London,Wiley Interscience,1964.289.
[3]  Le Fort P,Debon F,Sonet J.The Lower Paleozoic "Lesser Himalayan" granitic belt:Emphasis on the Simchar pluton of central Nepala.in:Shams F A ed.Granites of the Himalaya arakoram and Hindu Kush[C].Lahore,Institute of Geology,Punjab University,1983,235-256.
[4]  Burg J P,Chen G M.Tectonics and structural formation of southern Tibet,China[J].Nature,1984,311:219-223.
[5]  Burchifiel B C,Chen Z,Hodges K V,et al.The South Tibetan Detachement System,Himalayan orogen:extension contemporaneous with and parallel to shortening in a collisional mountain belt[J].Geol.Soc.Am.Spec.Pap.,1992,269:1-41.
[6]  Xu R H,Sharer U,Allegre C J.Magmafism and metamorphism in the Lhasa Block (Tibet):An U-Pb geochronological study[J].J.Geol.,1985,93:42-57.
[7]  Acharyya.Stratigraphy and tectonic features of the Eastern Himalayas[A].In:Saklani P S ed.Tectonic geology of the Himalaya[C].Today and Tomorrow\'s Pub.,1997.243-268.
[8]  Thakur V C.Tectonics of the Central crystallines of western Himalaya[J].Tectonophysics,1980,62:141-154.
[9]  Gehrels G E,Decelles P G,Martin A,et al.Initiation of the Himalayan orogen as an Early Paleozoic Thin-skinned Thrust belt[J].GSA Today,2003.13:4-9.
[10]  Pognante U,Spencer D A.First record of eclogites from the High Himalayan belt,Kaghan valley(northern Pakistan)[J].Eur.J.Mineral.,1991,3/3:613-618.
[11]  Guillot S,Mascle G,Lardeaux J M,et al.A new discovery of eclogites from the Himalaya,Tso Morari dome unit(northwestern India)[J].Mitteilungen des Geologischen Institut ETH Zürich und Universitat Zürich,Neue Folge,1995,298:84-87.
[12]  Guillot S,de Sigoyer J,Lardeaux J M.et al.Eclogitic metasediments from the Tso Morari area (Ladakh,Himalaya):Evidence for continental subduction during India-Asia convergence[J].Contrib.Mineral.Petrol.,1997,128:197-212.
[13]  Le Fort P,Guillot S,Pecher A.HP metamorphic belt along the Indus suture zone of NW Himalaya:New discoveries and significance[J].C.R.Acad.Sci.Paris,1997,325:773-778.
[14]  Tonarini S,Villa I,Oberli M,et al.Eocene age of e clogite metamorphism in Pakistan Himalaya:Implications for IndiaEurasia collision[J].Terra Nova,1993,5:13-20.
[15]  Scharer U,Xu R,Allegre C.U-(Th)-Pb systematics and ages of Himalayan leucogranites,south Tibet[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1986,77:35-48.
[16]  许志琴,杨经绥,梁风华,等.喜马拉雅地体的泛非-早古生代造山事件年龄记录[J].岩石学报,2005,21(1):1-12.
[17]  Zhao W J,Nelson K D,Project INDEPTH Team.Deep seismic reflection evidence for continental underthrusting beneath southern Tibet[J].Nature,1993,366:557-559.
[18]  Mainprice D,Boucher T-L,Blumenfeld P,et al.Dominant c slip in naturally deformed quartz:implications for dramatic plastic softening at high temperature[J].Geology,1986,14:819-822.
[19]  李德威,刘德民,廖群安,等.藏南萨迦拉轨岗日变质核杂岩的厘定及其成因[J].地质通报,2003,22(5)303-307.
[20]  赵文津及INDEPTH项目组著.喜马拉雅山及雅鲁藏布江缝合带深部结构与构造研究[M].北京:地质出版社.2001.369.
[21]  Hodges K V,Parrish R R,Searle M P.Tectonic evolution of the central Annapurna Range,Nepalese Himalayas[J].Tectonics,1996,15:1264-1291.
[22]  Hodges K V.The thermodynamics of Himalayan orogenesisA.In:Treloar P.J,O\'Brien P eds.What drives metamorphism and metamorphic reactions[C].Geological Society,1998.270.
[23]  Hubbard M S.Thermobarometric constraints on the thermal history of the Main Central thrust zone and Tibetan slab,eastern Nepal Himalaya[J].Journal of Metamorphic Geology,1989,7:19-30.
[24]  Chemenda A I,Burg P,Mattauer M.2000,Evolutionary model of the Himalaya-Tibet system:geopoem based on new modeling,geological and geophysical data[J].Earth Planet.Sci.Lett.,2000,174:397-409.
[25]  Harrison T M,Mahon K I,Guiillot S,et al.New constraints on the age of the Manaslu leucogranite:Evidence for episodic tectonic denudation in the central Himalaya:Discussion and reply[J].Geology,1995,23:478-480.
[26]  Wu C L,Nelson K D,Wortman G,et al.Yadong cross structure and South Tibetan detachment in the east central Himalaya (89°-90°E)[J].Tectonics,1998,92:28-45.
[27]  Zeitler P K,Chamberlain C P,Smith H A.Synchronous anatexis,metamorphism,and rapid denudation at Nanga Parbat (Pakistan Himalaya)[J].Geology,1993,21:347-350.
[28]  Burg J P,Nievergelt P,Seward D,et al.The Namche Barwa syntaxis:Evidence for exhumation related to compressional crustal folding[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,1998,16:239-252.
[29]  Patriat P,Achache J.India-Eurasia collision chronology has implications for crustal shortening and driving mechanisms of plates[J].Nature,1984,311:615-621.
[30]  Klootwijk C T,Gee J S,Peirce J W,et al.An early IndiaAsia contact:Paleomagnetic constraints from Ninetyeast Ridge,ODP Leg 121[J].Geology,1992,20:395-398.
[31]  Srivastava P,Mitra G.Thrust geometries and deep structure of the outer and lesser Himalaya,Kumaun and Garhwal (India):Implications for evolution of the Himalayan fold and thrust belt[J].Tectonics,1994,13:89-109.
[32]  DeCelles P G,Gehrels G E,Quade J,et al.Eocene-early Miocene foreland basin development and the history of Himalayan thrusting,Weston and central Nepal[J].Tectonics,1998,17:741-765.
[33]  DeCelles P G,Gehrels G E,Quade J,et al.Eocene-early Miocene foreland deposits,erosional unroofing,and the kinematic history of the Himalayan fold-thrust belt,western Nepal[J].Geology Society of America Bulletin,1998,110:2-21.
[34]  Lyon-caen H,Molnar P.Constraints on the structure of the Himalaya from an analysis of gravity anomalies and a flexural model of the lithosphere[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1983,88:8171-8191.
[35]  Molnar P.Structure and tectonics of the Himalaya:Constraints and implications of geophysical data[J].Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences,1984,12:489-518.
[36]  Brookfield M E.The Himalayan passive margin from Precambrian ti Cretaceous[J].Sedimentary Geol.,1993,84:1-35.
[37]  Le Fort P.Evolution of the Himalaya[A].In:A Yin,T M Harrison,The Tectonics of Asia[C].New York:Cambridge Univ.Press,1996.95-106.
[38]  Harrison T M,Ryerson F J,LeFort P,et al.A late MiocenePliocene progin for the central Himalayan inverted metamorphism[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1997,146:E1-E7.
[39]  Yin A,Harrison T M.Geologic evolution of the HimalayanTibetan orogen[J].Rev.Earth Planet.Sci,2000,28:211-80.
[40]  Tapponnier P,Peltzer G,Le Dain Y,et al.Propagating extrusion tectonics in Asia:New insights from simple experiments with plasticine[J].Geology,1982,10:611-616.
[41]  Peltzer G,Tapponnier P.Formation and evolution of strike-slip faults,rifts,and basins during the India-Asia collision:An experimental approach[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1988,93(12):1508-1517.
[42]  Avouac J-P,Tapponnier P.Kinematic model of active deformation in central Asia[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,1993,20:895-898.
[43]  Tapponnier P,Xu Zhiqin,Roger F,et al.Oblique stepwise rise and growth of the Tibet Plateau[J].Scieces,2001,294:1671-1677.
[44]  Chemenda A I,Mattauer M,Bokun A N.Continental subduction and a mechanism for exhumation of high-pressure metamorphic rocks:New modeling and field data from Oman[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1996,143:173-182.
[45]  Burchfiel B C,Royden,L H.North-south extension within the convergent Himalaya region[J].Geology,1985,13:679-682.
[46]  崔军文,朱红,武长得,等.亚东-格尔木GGT,青藏高原岩石圈变形及其动力学[M]北京:地质出版社,1992,1-164.
[47]  崔军文喜马拉雅碰撞带的构造演化[J].地质学报,1997,71(2):105-112.
[48]  Chen Z,Liu Y,Hodges K V,et al.The Kangrnar dome:A metamorphic core complex in southern Xizang (Tibet)[J].Science,1990,250:1552-1556.
[49]  刘文灿,梁定益,王克友,等.藏南康马地区奥陶系的发现及其地质意义[J].地学前缘,2002,9(4):247-248.
[50]  周志广,刘文灿,梁定益.藏南康马奥陶系及其底砾岩的发现并初论喜马拉雅沉积盖层与统一变质基底的关系[J].地质通报,2004,23(7):655-663.
[51]  Krummenacher D.Determination d\'age isotopique faite sur quelques roches de L\'Himalaya du Nepal par la methode K/Ar[J].Bull.Suisse,Min.Petr.,1961,41/2:273.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133