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地质通报  2008 

北京市有机氯农药填图与风险评价

, PP. 169-181

Keywords: 填图,有机氯农药,风险评价,北京

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Abstract:

采用1个样/km2的密度、1个分析组合样/16km2的方法,对北京市784km2范围内的土壤、大气干湿沉降物、大气颗粒物中HCH、DDT的含量和空间分布特征进行有机氯农药填图。查明2000年北京市地表土壤HCH和DDT的平均含量分别为8.80±11.83ng/g、108.99±301.90ng/g。2006年大气干湿沉降物中HCH和DDT的平均含量分别为10.09±9.60ng/g、12.99±13.51ng/g,HCH和DDT的年沉降通量分别为996.57±939.96g/a?km2、1291.53±1342.28g/a?km2。2006年大气颗粒物PM10和PM2.5中的HCH含量分别为0.294±0.205ng/m3和0.217±0.137ng/m3,DDT的平均含量分别为1.037±1.301ng/m3和0.522±0.773ng/m3,显著高于2002―2003年度大气颗粒物中HCH(PM10:0.01786ng/m3,PM2.5:0.01731ng/m3)和DDT(PM10:0.01672ng/m3,PM2.5:0.02353ng/m3)的含量,表明北京市或周边地区仍在使用含HCH和DDT化学成分的农药。以2000年北京地表土壤和2006年大气干湿沉降物中HCH和DDT的含量为基础,对2020年土壤中HCH和DDT的时空演变的预测显示,即使干湿沉降物中HCH和DDT的沉降通量每年以5%的速率递减,到2020年土壤中HCH和DDT的环境质量仍不能显著改善,而控制和削减北京及周边地区含HCH和DDT成分农药的使用将是改善北京地表土壤环境质量的关键措施。

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