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地质通报  2008 

造山前、造山和造山后花岗岩的识别

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Keywords: 造山前,造山和造山后阶段,地壳厚度,花岗岩,青藏高原

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Abstract:

造山前、造山和造山后(或碰撞前、碰撞和碰撞后)花岗岩是花岗岩研究的热门话题。但是,目前关于造山前、造山和造山后的概念存在模糊和矛盾的认识,为此提出了关于造山前、造山和造山后的概念和新的判别方法,并结合非洲、土耳其和巴西的某些实例进行了讨论。着重讨论了青藏高原与碰撞有关的花岗岩,指出青藏高原只存在造山前和造山2个阶段,不存在造山后阶段。认为青藏高原碰撞的时间大概在55Ma左右,25~3Ma的埃达克岩和淡色花岗岩是碰撞阶段形成的。青藏高原25~3Ma的花岗岩的特征暗示青藏高原在25Ma之前已经整体抬升,25Ma之后发育的伸展构造(藏南拆离系、大规模走滑断裂和南北向裂谷)是在青藏高原挤压的大背景下出现的,属于次级的派生构造,其并不能说明青藏高原已经进入伸展减薄和垮塌的碰撞后阶段。

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