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地球学报  2009 

华南新元古代宏体化石特征及生物地层序列

DOI: 10.3975/cagsb.2009.04.11

Keywords: 华南,新元古代,宏体化石组合,生物地层序列,地层对比

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Abstract:

华南的新元古代地层(780~542Ma)保存有许多经典的地层剖面和丰富的宏体化石记录,一直是我国新元古代,特别是南华系和震旦(伊迪卡拉)系地层对比的标准区域。本项研究重新考察了部分重要的标准剖面和化石点,重点采集了近年来开始研究的云南“江川生物群”,贵州江口“翁会生物群”的宏体化石,在总结了前人研究成果的基础上,集成了最新的研究进展,综合记录了华南晚新元古代地层中的宏体化石特征,组合面貌,据此提出了华南晚新元古代生物地层序列。宏体化石的记录表明在这一时期伴随着显著的气候和环境变化,发生了一系列重要的生物演化事件,多细胞的宏观后生动、植物普遍出现了组织分化,器官形成和发育创新,以及生物结构和功能的进一步复杂多样化。这种多样化的发展大体可以划分为三个阶段,分别以震旦(伊迪卡拉)纪的三个宏体化石组合为代表:(1)Anhuiphyton—Thallophyca—Paramecia宏体藻类化石组合,(2)Enteromorphites—Doushantuophyton—Eoandromeda—Sinospongia宏体化石组合,(3)Paracharnia—Gaojiashania—Cloudina—Longfengshania宏体化石组合。由于华南震旦纪宏体化石具有较为独特的组合面貌,与国外末次冰期后大量出现的伊迪卡拉型生物群(阿瓦隆生物群,庞德/白海生物群和纳马生物群)如何对比,还有待深入的研究。本文还重点讨论了华南地区新元古代宏体化石的南、北方对比问题。

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