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地球学报  2009 

西昆仑黑伞顶新近纪次火山岩地球化学特征及成因

DOI: 10.3975/cagsb.2009.03.09

Keywords: 次火山岩,新近纪,C型埃达克质岩,地球化学,黑伞顶,西昆仑

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Abstract:

黑伞顶次火山岩分布于西昆仑东段华北板块与华南板块的结合部位,主要由花岗斑岩体组成,侵入于石炭系托库孜达坂群、二叠系树维门科组及古近系阿克塔什组地层中。花岗斑岩黑云母K-Ar同位素年龄值13.2Ma,为新近纪中新世的产物。黑伞顶次火山岩具有低硅镁、高铝钾的特点,SiO2含量介于65.19%~67.21%之间,MgO含量为0.83%~1.47%,Al2O3在14.53%~16.5%之间变化,K2O含量为4.44%~4.93%。K2O/Na2O为1.49~1.52,A/CNK为1.08~1.14,里特曼指数σ为2.22~3.03,为过铝质高钾钙碱性岩石。富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb、Th、U,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti明显亏损。高Sr(528×10?6~707×10?6)及Sr/Y(38.2~63),低Y(8.38×10?6~18.24×10?6)和Yb(0.73×10?6~1.64×10?6)。稀土元素总量较高,介于307.87×10?6~458.20×10?6之间,稀土元素配分曲线为右倾斜型。LREE/HREE为24.19~34.47,属轻稀土元素富集型。具有弱至中等的负铕异常。地球化学特征表明,黑伞顶次火山岩为高钾钙碱性C型埃达克质岩,形成于青藏高原隆升和板内地壳加厚的背景下,是青藏高原北部在中新世因陆壳加厚引起下地壳部分熔融的产物。

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