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地球学报  2009 

泥盆纪海水的碳、氧同位素变化——来自腕足化石的同位素记录

DOI: 10.3975/cagsb.2009.01.11

Keywords: 龙门山,氧同位素,碳同位素,腕足,海平面变化

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Abstract:

生物壳体中的碳、氧同位素一直被用来反演地质历史时期海水同位素组成。具有较强抵抗成岩后生作用(低镁方解石)的腕足化石,分布广泛,被认为是反演古生代海水同位素的理想样品之一。本文通过对四川龙门山泥盆纪保存完好的腕足化石碳、氧同位素的提取,建立该时期海水同位素变化曲线,并对其控制因素进行探讨。研究显示:碳同位素组成在~2‰~+2‰(PDB下同)之间变化。其间经历3个旋回,其相对高值分别对应龙门山地区其中3个成礁期。同时因海平面变化不同,碳同位素表现出正偏幅度的不同。表明生物生长以及海平面变化共同控制着海水碳同位素组成,且生物生长对其影响较大。氧同位素组成在4‰~-10‰之间变化。在埃姆斯阶对应的甘溪组、谢家湾组以及二台子组时期,氧同位素从-10‰逐渐升高到-6‰。但相对于世界其他地区该时期氧同位素偏低-2‰~-4‰。可能原因是早期处于封闭海洋环境的平驿铺群时期,淡水注入造成海水氧同位素严重偏负。埃姆斯阶全球海平面上升,广海海水同化作用,氧同位素不断上升。从养马坝至小岭坡组时段内,氧同位素在-4‰~-6‰之间变化,同世界其他地区相当。其幅度变化表明:温度可能是其控制因素。

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