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地球学报  2011 

纳米金属微粒发现——深穿透地球化学的微观证据

DOI: 10.3975/cagsb.2011.01.02

Keywords: 铜镍矿,纳米微粒,地气,土壤,深穿透地球化学

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Abstract:

在400m深度隐伏铜镍矿上方气体和固体介质中同时发现纳米级铜等金属微粒。透射电镜下显像直观、质感,图像清晰。单个金属微粒呈球形或椭球形,多个微粒大多构成团聚体。单个金属微粒粒径主体在几十纳米,最小到10nm,大到上百个nm。微粒具有有序晶体结构。原位测量微粒成分为:①单一成分纳米自然铜微粒;②金属复合成分纳米微粒Cu-Fe,Cu-Ag,Cu-Cr,Cu-Ni,Cu-Fe-Mn;③含有Si、Al、Ca、O、P复杂成分的纳米Cu微粒。在地气和土壤中微粒大小、形貌特点和成分基本相似,同时微粒具有有序晶体结构。以上事实说明二者之间具有成因联系,即都来自于矿体。在实验室建立的模拟迁移柱,证实纳米金属微粒具有极强的穿透能力和快速迁移能力。这不仅为深穿透地球化学提供了直接的微观证据,而且为利用土壤作为采样介质的微粒分离深穿透地球化学技术寻找隐伏矿具有重要的应用价值。

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