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地球学报  2003 

柴达木盆地北缘新生代构造变形的物理模拟

Keywords: 柴达木盆地,新生代变形,物理模拟,砂箱实验

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Abstract:

文中设计了3种类型的基底收缩挤压砂箱实验模型和一种基底无收缩挤压砂箱实验模型,用于研究柴达木盆地北缘新生代构造的变形机制。实验结果表明,基底收缩挤压模型以反冲断层发育为特色。在双侧对称对冲挤压模型中,正冲和反冲断层的发育程度基本处于均衡状态;在双侧不对称对冲挤压模型中,反冲断层更加发育,尤其在挤压速度较快一侧更加显著;单侧挤压模型中,以反冲断层发育、正冲断层很少为特征。由此表明,基底收缩作用和挤压作用的不对称性促使反冲断层的发育。根据实验结果与实际剖面的对比,笔者认为,基底收缩和不对称挤压是导致该区特殊剖面结构的可能原因,该区新生代构造变形是在基底收缩作用参与下、以祁连山为主的侧向不对称挤压作用的结果。

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