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地球学报  2012 

我国钾盐找矿规律新认识和进展

DOI: 10.3975/cagsb.2012.03.02

Keywords: 成盐盆地,成盐成钾特性,盐类成矿域,构造基底控制成钾,找钾新线索

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Abstract:

本文通过对比研究国内外钾盐矿床成钾特征,总结出了我国海、陆相成盐盆地和成盐成钾特性:成盐具有多期性、成盐时代差异性、成盐作用迁聚性、物质成分多样性、后期盐盆地的变动性和多液态矿的特点;厘定了3个盐类成矿域和1个成矿带;提出了我国找钾策略——以海相蒸发盐盆地为主攻方向、兼探陆相盐湖及含钾地下卤水;提出了我国主要的古代盐盆地多产于“准克拉通(陆块)”,特别是海相盐盆地均发育于前寒武纪为基底的陆块中,以及钾盐沉积于构造稳定区中相对活动的亚稳定区和在构造亚稳定区中聚集于相对稳定区的新认识;发展了适合中国地质特点的找钾理论认识,有效地推动了油钾兼探工作。发现滇西南—羌北中上侏罗统若干钾盐显示,特别是指导和部署滇西南深部侏罗纪找钾,并取得超常规的进展;进一步缩小陕北奥陶系找钾包围圈;引领“油钾兼探”实施,实现了塔里木盆地库车凹陷古近系找钾的重大实质性进展;在柴达木盆地西部发现新的早第四纪富钾层位;指导和取得青藏高原特种盐湖综合找锂、钾和评价的重要进展,新发现一批大中型锂、钾特种盐湖(特别是多格错仁大型锂、硼(钾)盐湖)和取得综合利用工艺新进展。

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