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地球学报  2003 

土壤养分对作物茎叶稳定碳同位素组成和生物产量的影响

Keywords: 土壤营养水平,δ13C,高粱,生物产量

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Abstract:

在盆栽条件下,对甘肃省河西地区3个灌漠土的养分限制因子进行了研究,并在此基础上对高粱茎叶组织稳定C同位素组成(δ13C)和生物产量进行了比较分析。3种土壤的养分限制因子分别为:金昌小井子农场土壤为P、N、Mn、Zn,各元素缺乏程度为P>Mn>Zn>N;武威湖里土壤为P>N;武威白云土壤为N>Zn>Mn。作物茎叶δ13C值的变化规律为:3种土壤的最佳处理(OPT)的作物茎叶δ13C值均高于各自的其余处理,小井子农场、武威湖里及武威白云作物茎叶组织的δ13C值分别为-12.0‰,-12.3‰及-12.3‰,与不施肥条件(CK)相比作物δ13C值的增加幅度分别为16.63%、17.15%和13.17%。在所有减元素处理中,作物茎叶组织δ13C值与其对应的生物产量表现为相同的变化趋势,在最佳处理中,土壤养分充足、作物生长状况良好,因而作物茎叶组织δ13C值最高,而在所有减元素处理中,由于减元素使得其处理的营养不足影响作物生长,进而引起作物茎叶δ13C值的降低。小井子农场土壤的高粱茎叶δ13C值-N及-P处理分别为-13.8‰及-13.7‰,武威湖里-P处理为-14.8‰,居最低,武威白云-N及-Zn分别为-13.4‰及-13.3‰。在加元素处理中,3种土壤的高粱茎叶组织δ13C和生物产量的关系较为复杂。

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