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地球学报  2003 

白云鄂博矿区赋矿“白云质大理岩”成因的稳定同位素证据

Keywords: 白云鄂博矿床,“白云质大理岩”,稳定同位素,稀土,岩石成因

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Abstract:

内蒙古白云鄂博铁、稀土、铌矿床是举世闻名的超大型稀土矿床。其矿床地质特征和成矿地质环境十分独特,在国内外引起广泛注意。关于矿床的成因争论很多,其中,赋矿“白云质大理岩”的成因最为人们所关注,成为争论的焦点。本文在前人工作的基础上补充了S、C、O同位素研究。综合现有资料得出:“白云质大理岩”的高REE和Nb含量,REE分布型式,低^87Sr/^85Sr初始比值和接近岩浆岩的Si同位素组成,为其岩浆成因提供了证据。“白云质大理岩”中碳酸盐和硅酸盐矿物的高δ^18O值及全岩和重晶石硫的护δ^34S值表明,岩石与海水发生过明显的交换作用,进一步为岩石的海底火山成因提供了证据。“白云质大理岩”中碳酸盐矿物的δ^13C值也可以用碳酸岩受到海水碳酸盐混染加以解释。由此看来,“白云质大理岩”很可能是中元古代碳酸岩火山岩。

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