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准噶尔盆地侏罗系西山窑组沉降中心的分布及其构造控制

, PP. 180-188

Keywords: 准噶尔盆地,西山窑组,盆地模拟,沉降中心,隐蔽油气藏

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Abstract:

以准噶尔盆地21条典型的地震剖面上的329个取数据点资料为基础,应用EBM盆地模拟系统,对侏罗系西山窑组地层进行了沉降史回剥分析。从回剥的结果来看,盆地的沉降速率在不同时期显示出显著的不均一变化,其中在西山窑二段地层沉积时期的沉降速率在盆地南缘平均为70~90m/Ma,北缘及腹部地区只有30m/Ma左右;在西山窑一段地层沉积时期,盆地南缘的沉降速率则达到了120m/Ma,北缘及腹部相比前一阶段则没有太大变化。由此可以确定玛湖凹陷、乌伦古坳陷和昌吉凹陷是盆地在西山窑组地层沉积时期的沉降中心,盆地南缘的昌吉凹陷则是最主要和最大的的沉降中心。进一步分析,这些沉降中心的形成明显受到了周缘山系逆冲推覆作用的构造负载和盆地基底构造的制约,使盆地形成了隆坳相间的古地貌格局。由于沉降中心是低位三角洲砂体发育的重要部位,从而为隐蔽油气藏的勘探提供了方向。

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