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地表的分形测量及其大地构造学意义

, PP. 74-80

Keywords: 分形测量,分维,地表形态,大地构造

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Abstract:

以湖北红安地区为例,采用投影覆盖法(projectivecoveringmethod)对地表进行了二维分形测量,结果表明,地表面积具有双分形(bifractal)关系,即具有小尺度的结构分形(texturalfractal)和大尺度的构造分形(structuralfractal),分叉点(breakpoint)的尺度为3610m,分维值都在2~3之间且结构分维值大于其构造分维值。可见,地表形态具有分形性质,分维值可以指示地表形态的复杂程度。构造分维值可作为构造活动强度的一个指标,可为大地构造单元的划分提供定量依据。复杂地表形态主要是由构造活动(内营力作用)和各种复杂表生地质作用(外营力作用)引起的,前者主要控制大尺度的地形起伏,后者则塑造小尺度的地表形态。地表分维值可以指示地表的发育成熟度,该地区小尺度的结构分维值大于大尺度的构造分维值表明其处于地表形态的发育晚期。此外,地表的分形尺度可以来用确定构造活动尺度,从而指导构造地质与找矿勘探研究。

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