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新疆榆树沟麻粒岩-橄榄岩地体:南天山北缘出露地表的古生代大陆壳-幔过渡带

Keywords: 大陆莫霍面,壳-幔过渡带,构造挤出体,麻粒岩-橄榄岩地体,新疆榆树沟,天山

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Abstract:

对于大陆造山带内部的超基性岩体,除了蛇绿岩成因之外还有其他或许更为合理的解释。例如,位于新疆托克逊库米什地区南天山北缘的榆树沟麻粒岩和橄榄岩分别代表早古生代时塔里木板块北部大陆地壳莫霍面附近的下地壳底部与上地幔顶部的岩石,由于应变的局部化,被剪切分割成两个透镜状冲断岩片,顺着切割整个地壳直达上地幔顶部的韧性剪切带被挤出,最终呈固态挤侵到中地壳内绿片岩-低角闪岩相的变沉积岩(构造片岩、长英质糜棱岩)之中。最后,两个构造透镜体被剪切叠合到一起。榆树沟麻粒岩-橄榄岩地体为研究塔里木板块北部大陆地壳古莫霍面及其附近的岩石流变学与地球物理性质提供了一个十分难得的研究基地,因为大陆古莫霍面很少直接出露地表。榆树沟麻粒岩-橄榄岩组合的地体的大地构造意义与蛇绿岩所代表的截然不同。

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