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澳大利亚爱博(Abra)铅-铜多金属矿床成矿流体性质及对矿床成因的制约

Keywords: 爱博矿床,流体包裹体,锶同位素,硫同位素,西澳州,中低温热液矿床

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Abstract:

爱博(Abra)Pb-Cu矿床位于西澳洲Bangemall盆地中,产于中元古界Edmund群浅海相碎屑岩地层中,矿体上部呈层状、似层状,下部呈网脉状。由于该矿床地质特征复杂,研究程度不高,矿床成因和成矿流体来源尚存在争议。本文拟探讨成矿流体的性质、来源及演化。流体包裹体显微测温研究表明矿石中石英所捕获的流体包裹体为两相H2O溶液包裹体、含CO2和CH4的流体包裹体、含子矿物三相包裹体等3种类型。上部赤铁碧玉岩段和磁铁石英岩段矿石中流体包裹体均一温度为162.0~194.7℃,盐度为5.8%~13.0%;下部绿泥石化石英砂岩段均一温度为172.7~250.7℃,盐度为7.0%~17.0%。各岩性段中温度和盐度变化都较大,指示有多期流体的存在。锶、硫同位素研究表明:成矿流体为海水与变质水的混合,成矿物质主要来自围岩地层,围岩岩性制约着矿床类型。由盐度和均一温度计算出流体密度为0.885~1.012g/cm3,成矿深度为0.22~1.39km,因此确定爱博矿床为一中低温热液矿床。

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