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台湾南部恒春半岛垦丁混杂岩的成因及其构造意义

, PP. 441-453

Keywords: 恒春半岛,增生楔,马尾断层,混杂岩,俯冲系统

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Abstract:

垦丁混杂岩出露于台湾南部恒春半岛中新世增生楔内,长约20km,宽最大可达1km,呈北西-南东向狭长带状分布,大致平行于马尼拉海沟北段,其分布特征类似于与俯冲板块边界相关混杂岩的特征,因此垦丁混杂岩成因的确定对于了解台湾造山带结构及构造演化历史具有重要意义。关于垦丁混杂岩成因,目前主要分为沉积(olistostrome)成因和构造成因两大观点。通过野外观察,垦丁混杂岩的泥质基质普遍发生强烈的剪裂作用,鳞片状结构大量发育,基性或超基性的外来岩块夹杂其中。此外,在垦丁混杂岩内还发现香肠化的砂岩块、由泥质基质充填的脉体及砂岩表面的水压破裂等构造现象。这些现象均反映垦丁混杂岩为构造成因而非沉积成因。垦丁混杂岩体原形成于增生楔底部,并受到一定的高压及应力剪切作用,之后随同卷入的外来岩块及连续沉积地层块体一起沿着马尾逆断层出露于地表浅部,代表南海洋壳向东俯冲于菲律宾海板块之下形成的构造混杂堆积岩体。

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