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地质论评  2005 

再论洞穴石笋的沉积速率

Keywords: 洞穴石笋沉积速率地质年代学气候环境地质条件古气候学

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Abstract:

通过对滇、黔、湘、桂洞穴石笋大型剖面的综合研究、，以代表性剖面和典型时（笋）段系统测年和沉积速率研究为例，初步认为，石笋沉积速率大小是气候演变、暖气候、冷气候的识别指标之一，沉积速率为10mm／100a以上是冰后（间冰）期温暖气候的沉积，趋于10mm／100a或以下者，是温暖期气候的冷转变，或冷期（阶）的沉积；1mm／100a左右是冰期寒冷气候的沉积，趋于1mm／100a或以上者是冰期寒冷气候的暖转变或间冰期的沉积；沉积速率极小，往往是冷气候显示，甚至是沉积间断，或是气候和地质、灾害事件的突变点。沉积速率具多变性，引用和识别时应避免以单一速率推算长时（笋）段年序和确定气候或地质事件的年代，不宜跨旋回计速，以避免遗漏沉积间断和气候、地质、灾害事件。石笋沉积间断很普遍，特别是寒冷的冰期气候间断更频繁，观测和测年表明，沉积间断时间累计占成笋期的28．92％～76．26％，全新世温暖气候的沉积间断时间累计，只占成笋期的13．80％以上。

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