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地质论评  2009 

东天山黄山东铜镍矿床铂族元素地球化学特征及其意义

Keywords: 铂族元素,地球化学,成矿作用,黄山东,东天山

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Abstract:

黄山东岩体位于东天山北部的土墩―黄山―镜儿泉―图拉尔根镁铁―超镁铁质岩带中段,受康古尔塔格―黄山深大断裂控制,是由二辉橄榄岩、橄榄辉长岩、辉长苏长岩和辉长闪长岩组成的复式岩体。黄山东铜镍硫化物矿床镁铁质岩石和矿石中的铂族元素(PGE)含量很低,其中IPGE(Os,Ir,Ru,Rh)与PPGE(Pt,Pd)含量相近,PPGE略高于IPGE。岩石平均2×10-9,矿石平均86×10-9。在矿石中,PGE含量与硫含量呈正相关关系。在原始地幔标准化图解上,岩石和矿石具有相似的分配模式,PPGE和IPGE之间分异很弱。Ni/Cu―Pd/Ir关系图以及岩石地球化学资料显示,形成黄山东岩体的原始岩浆为MgO含量较高的PGE不亏损的拉斑玄武质岩浆。岩浆在上升的过程中发生过早期硫化物深部熔离,带走了岩浆中大部分的PGE,可能是造成黄山东矿床母岩浆中PGE明显亏损的主要原因。矿石低的Pd/Ir比值(为4.22~17.24,平均值为8?49)及高的Ir含量(为2.04×10-9~21.45×10-9,平均值为8.79×10?-9)显示黄山东矿床成矿过程中后期热液作用不明显。铂族元素地球化学特征和岩石地球化学资料显示了地壳物质的混染以及橄榄石、辉石等矿物的分离结晶是引起该矿床硫饱和并发生硫化物熔离作用而成矿的主要因素。

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