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地质论评  2009 

火成岩的10年研究进展和未来的挑战

Keywords: 火成岩,大火成岩省,地幔柱,花岗岩,超铁镁岩,蛇绿岩

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Abstract:

文中简要列举了近年在火成岩领域的研究进展及今后发展方向,主要涉及7个方面内容:①新元古代末期大陆裂谷火山作用与Rodinia超级联合大陆裂解;②中亚石炭纪―早二叠世大规模裂谷火山事件的深部地球动力学背景及其与古特提斯裂解和晚古生代中亚大规模成矿事件的关系;③中―新生代东亚火山作用与岩石圈巨量减薄;④新生代印度―亚洲大陆碰撞与高原隆升的火山作用响应;⑤大火成岩省和地幔柱;⑥花岗岩与地球动力学环境;⑦铁镁―超铁镁岩与蛇绿岩。提出在下一个10年里,需要继续开展岩浆成因和演变、岩浆作用和构造环境的关系,变质岩石的P―T―t轨迹,以及变质作用、岩浆作用和大地构造的关系等方面的研究;需要研究更深层次的地壳和上地幔,以了解岩浆形成和运移的过程;海洋钻探有可能取得深部地壳或上地幔的样品,大陆钻探将钻到10km及更深;将使用地震层析来描述地壳和上地幔的结构,确定俯冲带或地幔柱的位置,以及部分熔融的分布面积,等等。此外,分析和测试等方面的高新技术的开发和运用,以及实验岩石学的发展都对岩石学领域的发展起到至关重要的作用。

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