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地质论评  2011 

海南岛中三叠世正长岩―花岗岩套的地质地球化学特征与构造意义

Keywords: 三叠纪,正长岩―花岗岩套,碱性岩,A型花岗岩,后造山,海南岛

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Abstract:

海南岛中三叠世正长岩―花岗岩套分布于陵水―龙滚深断裂两侧及白沙深断裂南东侧。出露总面积516km2?。由石英二长岩、石英正长岩及正长花岗岩组成。该岩套SiO2?含量变化大,为58.40%~76.14%,富碱富钾,Na2O+K2O为7.10%~11.49%,K2O含量为3.78%~7.91%,属钾玄质碱性系列;A/CNK为0.88~1.12,绝大多数属准铝质(<1)。FeO*/MgO值普遍较高,为3.14~87.13;稀土元素含量普遍较高且变化较大,为125?5×10?-6?~980×10-6?;稀土配分曲线显示右倾特征,轻重稀土分异中等―明显;δEu为1.80~0.06,早期的石英二长岩、石英正长岩具正铕异常或铕异常不明显,而晚期的正长花岗岩类具明显的负铕异常。该岩套的Zr、Hf、Zn、F含量高,(Ga×10?4)/Al高,Nb/Ta高(平均20.36),早期单元Ba含量较高而晚期单元Ba含量较低。在微量元素蛛网图上,从早期单元往晚期单元,Sr、P及Ti负异常逐渐增强。岩石的铅同位素组成较一致,n(206Pb)/n(204?Pb)值为18.487~18.586,n(207Pb)/n(204Pb)值为15.606~15.655,n(208Pb)/n(204Pb)值为38.503~38.635;初始锶比值、εNd(t)和?T2DM?值也比较一致,平均值分别为0.71067、-6.88、1575Ma。其Pb、Sr、Nd同位素组成与海南中―晚三叠世镁铁质侵入岩相一致。该岩套属于A型花岗岩类,其中的花岗岩类由石英正长质岩浆通过长石、角闪石、磷灰石、钛铁矿、榍石等矿物的结晶分异形成;而石英正长质岩浆可能是源自EMⅡ的碱性玄武质岩浆在地壳深部再分异派生的产物。该岩套形成于后造山伸展构造环境。

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