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地质论评  2011 

黔南晚石炭世生物礁群落中的生态关系研究

Keywords: 黔南,石炭纪,竞争,共栖,替代

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Abstract:

黔南紫云地区发育了全球罕见的晚石炭世后生动物格架礁。主要的造礁生物――Formitchevella,Ivanoviacf.manchurica、叶状藻和“未名造礁生物”与附礁生物一起各自构成了不同的造礁生物群落,群落内部的生物存在着空间竞争和共栖,而群落之间还有替代的关系。种内竞争使?Formitchevella个体不断生长,且有时为避免与相邻个体的空间竞争而发生弯曲。在种间竞争方面,“未名造礁生物”以缠绕和接触的方式与?Ivanoviacf.manchurica之间存在着直接主动的空间竞争;Formitchevella与Ivanoviacf.manchurica则保持着均势的相持平衡型竞争;叶状藻还可以以个体数量的优势在空间竞争上压倒了珊瑚。叶状藻与腕足类之间为一类特殊的共栖关系,二者互惠互利,在生存空间上存在一定的竞争。在扁平村珊瑚礁的形成过程中,Formitchevella群落与其下部群落的更替为建造晚石炭世大型珊瑚礁奠定了条件。

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