全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

湖北郧西白龙洞遗址骨化石表面痕迹研究

, PP. 1023-1033

Keywords: 痕迹现象,骨化石,古人类,行为模式,研究方法

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

湖北省郧西县白龙洞古人类遗址属于中更新世早期,发掘出表面带有痕迹的骨化石标本。使用肉眼裸视观察法、低倍显微观察法、高倍显微观察法、三维扫描数字模型技术等多种观测分析法进行综合研究,鉴定出痕迹种类包括人工改造痕迹和其他动物改造痕迹。人工改造痕迹包括锤击痕迹、切割痕迹、砍斫痕迹、戳刺痕迹等,其中锤击痕迹主要出现在骨器表面(用于骨器制造),其他痕迹则出现在多种骨骼部位的残片上(可能由狩猎、屠宰、分割和剥皮行为产生)。动物改造痕迹包括食肉目动物啃咬痕、偶蹄目动物踩踏痕、啮齿目动物啃咬痕等。其中制造啃咬痕的啮齿目动物中,可能包括有豪猪、竹鼠和鼠科动物等。人工改造痕迹的研究对认识当时人行为模式提供了具体证据,如当时人对洞穴占据使用形式、骨质工具制造与使用、狩猎与分食行为(狩猎工具与剥皮技巧)等。本研究对其他动物改造痕迹也作了必要分析,如豪猪与鼠科动物的不同啃啮形态等。该遗址研究、鉴定出的多种痕迹标本,以及多种鉴定、分析方法的使用等,显示出古人类遗址中痕迹标本的复杂性,以及多种研究方法的必要性。三维扫描数字模型技术,是国内在该领域研究方法中的首次使用。

References

[1]  张森水,韩立刚,金昌柱等.繁昌人字洞旧石器遗址1998年发现的人工制品.人类学学报,2000,19(3):169~183Zhang Senshui,Han Ligang,Jin Changzhu et al.On the artifacts unearthed from the Renzidong Paleolithic site in 1998.Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2000,19(3):169~183
[2]  高星,黄万波,徐自强等.三峡兴隆洞出土12~15万年前的古人类化石和象牙刻划.科学通报,2003,48(23):2466~2472Gao Xing,Huang Wanbo,Xu Ziqiang et al.Paleoanthrnpology fossils and incised ivories 0.12~0.15Ma ago.excavated in Xinglong Cave,Three Gorges region.Chinese Science Bulletin,2003,48(23):2466~2472
[3]  蔡保全,李强.泥河湾早更新世早期人类遗物和环境.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(5):418~424Cai Bacquan,Li Qiang.Artifacts and paleo-environments in Nihewan Site in early stage of Early Pleistocene.Science in China (Series D),2003,33(5):418~424
[4]  吴长初,吕江明,伍昭龙等.湘西更新世哺乳动物化石痕迹考察研究.吉首大学学报(自然科学版),2007,28(4):122~125Wu Changchu,La Jiangraing,Wu Zhaclong et al.Investigation on split trace of mammal bone fossils of Pleistocene Epoch from Western Hunan.Journal of Jishou University(Natural Science Edition),2007,28(4):122~125
[5]  武仙竹,裴树文,吴秀杰等.湖北郧西白龙洞古人类遗址初步观察.人类学学报,2008,27(待刊)Wu Xianzhu,Pei Shuwen,Wu Xiujie et al.A primary investigation on Bailong Cave paleoanthrcpology site in Yunxi,Hubei Province.Acta Anthropologiea Sinica,2008,27(in press)
[6]  张森水.丁村54:100地点石制品研究.人类学学报,1993,12(3):195~213Zhang Senshui.A study on the stone artifacts from 54:100 site in Dingcun region.Acta Anthropologica Sinica,1993,12(3):195~213
[7]  Bunn H T.Ezzo J A.Hunting and scavenging by Plio-Pleistocene hominids:Nutritional constraints,arehacological patterns,and behavioral implications.Journal of Archaeology Science,1993,20:365~398
[8]  Ports R,Shipman P.Cutmarks made by stone tools on bones from Olduvai Gorge,Tanzania.Nature,1981,291:577~580
[9]  Bromage T C,Boyde A.Microscopic criteria for the determination of directionality of cutmarks on bone.American Journal of Physical Anthropology,1984,65(4):359~366
[10]  Potts R,Shipman P.Cutmarks made by stone tools on bones from Olduvai gorge,Tanzania.Nature,1981.291:577~580
[11]  Reitz E J,Wing E S.Zooarchacology.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1999.1~455
[12]  Patricia V.Etuda des Stries de Boacherie sur los Ossements de Cerf elaphe des Niveaux Superieurs de hi Grntte du Lazaret.L"Anthropologie,1991,95(4):797~830
[13]  Behrensmeyer A K.Taphonomic and ecologic information from bone weathering.Paleobiology,1978,4(2):150~162
[14]  沈辰,陈淳.微痕研究(低倍法)的探索与实践.考古,2001,(7):62~73Shen Chen,Chen Chun.Exploration and Practice in microwear analysis with low magnification.Archaeology,2001,(7):62~73
[15]  黄慰文,张镇洪,傅仁义等.海城小孤山的骨制品和装饰品.人类学学报,1986,5(3):259~266Huang Weiwen,Zhang Zhenhong,Fu Renyi et al.Bone artifacts and ornaments from Xiaogushan Site of Haicheng,Liacning Province.Acta Anthropologiea Sinica,1986,5(3):259~266
[16]  Marean C W,Spencer L M.Impact of carnivore ravaging on zooarchaeological measures of element abundance.American Antiquity,1991,56(4):645~658
[17]  Blumenschine B J,Cavallo J A.Scavenging and human evolution.Scientific American,1992,267(4):90~96
[18]  同号文.周口店田园洞古人类化石点的无颈鬃豪猪(Hystrix subcristata).古脊椎动物学报,2005,43(2):135~150Tong Haowen.Hystrix subcristata(mammalia,rndentia)from Tianyuan Cave,a human fossil site newly discovered near Zhoukoudian(Choukoutien).Venebrata PalAsiatica,2005,43(2):135~150
[19]  Alexander A J.Bone carrying by a porcupine.South African Journal of Science,1956,52:257~258
[20]  武仙竹.郧西人——黄龙洞遗址发掘报告.北京:科学出版社,2006.1~271Wu Xianzhu.Yunxi Man-A Report of the Excavationog Huanglondong Site.Beijing:Science Press.2006.1~271
[21]  潘清华,王应样,岩昆.中国哺乳动物彩色图鉴.北京:中国林业出版社,2007.1~420Pan Qinghua,Wang Yingxiang,Yan Kun.Chinese Mammal Colorful Diagram.Beijing:Chinese Forestry Publishing House.2007.1~420
[22]  Gifford D P.Taphonomy and paleoecology:A critical reviewof archaeology''s sister disciplines.In:Schiffer M B ed.Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory(Vol.4).New York and London:Academic Press,1981.365~~438
[23]  Blumenschine R J.Characteristics of an early hominid scavenging niche.Current Anthropology,1987,28:383~407
[24]  张森水.近20年来中国旧石器考古学的进展与思考.第四纪研究,2002,22(1):11~19Zhang Senshui.Advances in Chinese paleolithic archeology in the past 20 years and some comments.Quaternary Sciences,2002,22(1):11~19
[25]  高星,裴树文.中国古人类石器技术与生存模式的考古学阐释.第四纪研究,2006,26(4):504~513Gao Xing,Pei Shuwen.An archaeological interpretation of ancient human lithic technology and adaptive strategies in China.Quaternary sciences,2006,26(4):504~513
[26]  吴新智.现代人起源的多地区进化学说在中国的实证.第四纪研究,2006,26(5):702~709Wu Xinzhi.Evidence of multiregional human evolution hypothesis from China.Quaternary Sciences,2006,26(5):702~709
[27]  Lam Y M.Pearson O M,Marean C W et al.Bone density studies in zooarchaeology.Journal of Archaeological Science,2003,30(12):1701~1708
[28]  Breuil H.Le feu et l''industrie lithique et osseuse a Choukoutien.Bulletin of Geology Socity of China.1931,11:1~54
[29]  安家嫒.华北地区旧石器时代的骨、角器.人类学学报.2001,20(4):319~330An Jiayuan.Bone-anther-horn tools from the central North China.Acto Anthropologica Sinica,2001.20(4):319~330
[30]  No.on C J,张双权.张乐等.上/更新世动物群中人类与食肉动物"印记"的识别.人类学学报,2007,26(2):183~192Norton C J,Zhang Shuangquan.Zhang Yue et al.Distinguishing hominin and carnivore signatures in the Plio-Pleistocene Faunal record.Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2007,26(2):183~192
[31]  Alexander A J.Bone carrying by a porcupine.South African Journal of Science,1956,52:257~285

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133