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云南星云湖沉积物正构烷烃记录的近代环境变化

, PP. 746-753

Keywords: 星云湖,湖泊沉积,类脂物分子,正构烷烃,近代环境变化

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Abstract:

为探讨气候变化与人类活动对湖泊环境影响在湖泊沉积中的记录,在云南星云湖水深8.2m处采集1支85cm长的柱状沉积岩芯,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对沉积岩芯中的类脂物分子进行分析,揭示了近160年以来星云湖地区环境演变过程。分析结果表明沉积岩芯中的正构烷烃碳数分布C15~C35呈有规律变化:85~60cm深度表现为低碳数相对优势,60~32cm逐步变为以高碳数为优势,32~10cm高碳数较前阶段降低,10~0cm深度低碳数显现明显优势。同时,平均碳链长度(ACL)、高碳数同系物与低碳数同系物比值(H/L)以及C27/C31等结果还揭示出:近160年来湖泊沉积中有机物输入经历了内源低碳(1920s前)、外源高碳(1920s~1980s初)和内源低碳(1980s初~2004年)为优势的演变过程;在人类活动干扰较小状况下,H/L变化与气候的冷暖变化具有显著的对应关系,即H/L低值段明显对应于气候的相对寒冷期,H/L高值段明显对应于气候的温暖期。在1990年代以后,尽管气候持续变暖,但由于人类活动影响加剧,湖泊富营养化快速发展,H/L值却随之急剧降低,反映出沉积岩芯中的类脂物可敏感记录人类活动对湖泊环境变化的影响。

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