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东喜马拉雅构造结更新世两期抬升-剥露事件的裂变径迹证据

, PP. 584-590

Keywords: 磷灰石裂变径迹,抬升-剥露,东喜马拉雅构造结,南迦巴瓦,更新世

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Abstract:

对出露在东喜马拉雅构造结南迦巴瓦地区那木拉峰的片麻岩进行了系统垂向上的磷灰石裂变径迹取样分析,在3393~4537m取样高程内的10个样品获得的磷灰石裂变径迹分析结果显示:中值年龄在0.64~1.58Ma之间,平均封闭径迹长度在14.0~15.2μm之间,标准偏差在1.0~3.5μm之间。其中,径迹长度数据为这一地区的首次报道,可以为数据分析的可靠性提供重要保证。通过利用裂变径迹的"香蕉图"模式分析,在这批年龄结果中进一步区分出了代表混合年龄的样品组分和代表事件年龄的样品组分。事件年龄揭示这一地区在更新世有两期抬升-剥露事件的记录,时间分别为1.10±0.24Ma和0.65±0.08Ma。而磷灰石裂变径迹年龄在剖面线上的空间分布显示山体内部的高海拔地区年龄较新,向边缘低海拔地区逐渐变老的趋势。这种分布特征与早期多雄拉-那木拉褶皱构造变形无关,是东喜马拉雅构造结地区正处于快速抬升-剥露过程中的一种指示。据地温梯度30~40℃/km推算的1Ma以来的平均视剥露速率约为2.43~3.24mm/a。而结合前人的研究成果分析,这一地区快速地抬升-剥露过程可能自3Ma已发生。东喜马拉雅构造结1.10Ma和0.65Ma的抬升-剥露事件可以与青藏高原隆起过程中周缘地区的"昆黄运动"、气候转型和沙漠化等同期响应事件在年代学上建立联系。青藏高原的周缘隆起在更新世时期表现出的活动响应具有准同时的特征。

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