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内蒙古二连盆地西南部第四纪沉积物中粘土矿物特征与古气候指示意义

Keywords: 第四纪,粘土矿物,古气候,二连盆地,内蒙古

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Abstract:

通过对内蒙古二连盆地西南部第四纪地层剖面进行系统测制,结合古生物化石建立起该区第四纪以来相对完整的地层层序,并对剖面上所采集的粘土矿物样品进行Ⅹ射线衍射分析,以及根据样品中的粘土矿物成分、质量分数对本区古气候演化进行探讨。结果表明:研究区早更新世-晚更新世中期沉积物中,大量出现高质量分数的伊蒙混层和蒙脱石,反映季节性冷暖、干湿交替的古环境气候;而晚更新世晚期地层中,伊蒙混层显著减少,伊利石增加,且总体含量高于高岭石,表明该区气候变冷且转为干旱;全新世地层中,高岭石、伊利石和绿泥石含量均有所增加,该时间段内化学淋滤作用仍然较弱,降雨量继续减少。总体而言,本区的古气候在第四纪经历了由干湿交替到温凉偏干的过程。与岩石地层、地貌特点组合等所反映的古气候特征及其变化较好的吻合。

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