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浙江萧山跨湖桥遗址动物骨骼表面微痕与人类行为特征

, PP. 723-729

Keywords: 跨湖桥遗址,动物骨骼,微痕,人类行为

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Abstract:

浙江跨湖桥遗址位于中国东南沿海,是距今约8000年左右的新石器时代遗址。遗址中出土有大量哺乳动物骨骼,通过显微观测和统计,发现遗址动物骨骼表面有丰富的人工改造痕迹,并有家畜狗的啃咬痕迹等。其中人工改造痕迹的比重,达到所观察标本总数的17.57%。人工改造痕迹的显微特征、排列规律、分布位置等,反映遗址古居民已熟练掌握了剥皮、分解、剔肉等多种屠宰和加工技术。遗址古居民还对动物资源进行肉食之外的其他目的的开发,如把动物骨骼作为原料进行其他生产性加工等。跨湖桥遗址骨骼表面痕迹的观测,显示中国东南沿海新石器时代居民屠宰加工方法,与中国旧石器时代有密切的技术渊源,如对动物躯体进行分解时切割位置的选择等。遗址骨骼表面人工改造痕迹,与以前对旧石器时代的许多认识基本一致,但也有一些相异的地方,如切割刻划痕迹底部比较光滑,没有旧石器时代切割刻划痕底部的微细条纹(microstriations)等。这可能与该时期所使用工具发生变化相关。跨湖桥遗址骨骼表面改造痕迹的研究,对认识新石器时代古居民的行为方式、新石器时代与旧石器时代技术渊源等,具有重要的参考价值和启示作用。

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