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贵州毕节扒耳岩巨猿动物群的年代与环境——来自食肉类化石的分析和研究

, PP. 654-666

Keywords: 贵州毕节,扒耳岩动物群,早更新世,食肉类

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Abstract:

贵州毕节扒耳岩为一处新近确认的含巨猿化石的洞穴裂隙堆积,出土了若干伴生动物化石。其中食肉类标本数量不多,历次采集的仅有19件,但基本可以鉴定到种,且大多数具有断代指示意义。这批标本鉴定计有:桑氏硕鬣狗(Pachycrocutalicenti)、中国黑熊原始亚种(Ursusthibetanusprimitinus)、大熊猫小种(Ailuropodamicrota)、拟豺(Cuondubius)和豹(Pantherasp.),共计4科5属5种动物。除豹属未定种外,其他4种均是我国南方早更新世动物群的特有种类,Ailuropodamicrota和Cuondubius则是广西柳城巨猿洞动物群的标志性物种。单就食肉类的组合而言,扒耳岩与广西柳城巨猿洞和田东么会洞两地的动物群相当,稍晚于巫山龙骨坡,早于建始龙骨洞动物群,为早更新世早期。扒耳岩动物群以森林型动物(如Ursus,Ailuropoda和Panthera)为主,缺少典型的草原型动物,呈现出单一的森林性组合面貌,据此分析推测巨猿应为典型的森林环境栖息者。

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