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泥河湾盆地磁性地层定年与早期人类演化

, PP. 922-944

Keywords: 泥河湾盆地,磁性地层学,岩石磁学,旧石器遗址,泥河湾动物群,早期人类演化

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Abstract:

主要评述了近年来泥河湾盆地磁性地层学的研究进展,包括建立泥河湾组的磁性地层年代格架、厘定泥河湾动物群的时代和确定华北地区早期人类活动年代序列。研究表明:第一,泥河湾组河湖相沉积序列记录了高斯正极性时末期以来的地磁极性特征(松山和布容极性时),即沉积时代始于约2.6Ma。早期人类至少在1.660.78Ma期间的大约90万年的时间内长期持续地占据高纬度的泥河湾盆地。泥河湾动物群(包括广义和狭义)的时代为2.00.8Ma。第二,华北地区早期人类已经能够适应东亚高纬度地区冬季风增强、夏季风减弱和干旱化趋势增强的复杂环境变化,尤其能适应中更新世气候转型前后中国北方多变而且不稳定气候条件和生态环境。因此,气候和生态环境的多变性与不稳定性是促进人类进化的重要因素。第三,早期人类走出非洲以后,可能沿不同的路径并以较快的速度扩散到东亚地区。向南越过印度尼西亚的赤道地区,向北至少扩散到40°N的泥河湾盆地。

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