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近150年来湖北太白湖摇蚊记录与湖泊营养演化

, PP. 1156-1161

Keywords: 太白湖,摇蚊亚化石,DCA分析,湖泊富营养化

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Abstract:

通过太白湖北部湖区沉积岩芯中摇蚊亚化石分析,结合210Pb和137Cs年代测定和降趋势对应分析(DCA),研究了太白湖近150年来摇蚊种属组合变化和湖泊营养演化过程。结果表明:20世纪中期(1950年左右),摇蚊种群中与大型水生植物关系密切的Paratanytarsus,Paratanytarsuspenicillatus-type,Polypedilumnubeculosum-type和Dicrotendipesnervosus-type等属种迅速减少或消失,而耐营养的属种Chironomusplumosus-type,Microchironomustabarui,Procladius,Propsilocerusakamusi和Tanypus增多,表明大型水生植物减少,湖泊富营养化开始。20世纪90年代以来,Chironomusplumosus-type和Microchironomustabarui等富营养种的比例增加反映了营养水平的进一步提高,并呈现加重趋势。摇蚊组合变化反映的太白湖营养水平的增加与流域人类活动影响密切相关,早期湖泊富营养化响应流域土壤侵蚀及湖泊水产养殖,而1990年以来湖泊富营养化的加重则与化肥的大量使用、人类活动的进一步加强及流域内工业废水污染物的开始排放有关。

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