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大气科学  2002 

一个可描写ENSO循环基本特点的简单热带海气耦合模式

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2002.02.05

Keywords: 海气耦合模式,ENSO

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Abstract:

在所构造的海气耦合模式中,采用Zebiak海洋模式框架,并重建了一个海洋数值模式,大气模式采用了Gill模式.在大气模式中保留了时间发展项,潜热加热采用了Kleeman方案.对模式的积分结果表明,海温异常具有3~7年的准周期振荡.在模式ElNino事件的初始阶段,西风异常,海温正距平(SSTA)首先在赤道西太平洋发生,然后向东传播、加强.在模式ENSO循环的位相转换过程中,SSTA的空间分布共有4种不同类型.模式模拟的ElNino事件的初始阶段有两种发展类型,它们是:在初始阶段中西太平洋和东太平洋沿岸各有海表温度的正异常发生.在以后的发展中,一种情况是这两块正SSTA都发展连成一片,形成ElNino事件;另一种情况是中西太平洋地区的正SSTA衰减,中东太平洋地区的正SSTA加强,向西传播,形成ElNino事件.模式模拟的LaNina事件的初始阶段也有两科发展类型,它们的发展过程和ElNino事件初始阶段的发展过程相似.

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