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大气科学  2003 

1948~2000年全球陆地年降水量场趋势变化的时、空特征

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2003.06.02

Keywords: 全球陆地年降水,趋势变化,时、空特征

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Abstract:

用全球陆地月降水资料(PREC/L),计算了1948~2000年全球陆地年降水量场的趋势变化.结果表明,在1948~2000年期间,全球陆地年降水量场有明显的趋势变化,全球大约2/3左右的陆地年降水量是负趋势(降水量减少),1/3左右的年降水量是正趋势,正负趋势面积及强度的差异在统计上是显著的.年降水量明显减少的地区是:热带非洲,加拿大的东南部及美国的东北部,中国的淮河以北,蒙古、俄罗斯的中、西西伯利亚及朝鲜、韩国和日本等9个地区.陆地年降水量增加地区是:加拿大的北部、南美的阿根廷及智利、格陵兰等6个区域.分别研究了36个纬圈的年平均降水量的趋势系数,指出有13个纬圈的年平均降水量的趋势变化达到0.05的信度的显著性,其中有1个纬度带(75~80°N)是正趋势.全球年降水量正趋势的范围是很小的,仅在70°N以北.初步研究了全球年降水量场趋势变化的原因.

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