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大气科学  2005 

绿洲效应的模拟及内外因子的敏感性实验

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2005.06.15

Keywords: 陆面物理过程参数化方案,绿洲效应,内外因子,敏感性实验

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Abstract:

利用一个已发展的陆面物理过程参数化方案与大气边界层数值模式耦合,模拟了半干旱区绿洲戈壁非均匀下垫面的陆面物理过程及其与大气边界层的相互作用,成功地描绘了绿洲戈壁局地气候效应,并进行了绿洲戈壁局地气候效应对于降水、绿洲水平尺度和植被结构等若干内外因子的敏感性实验.结果表明:绿洲的最小临界尺度为5~10km之间,最大临界尺度为55~65km之间,而最利于绿洲维持的尺度范围为20km左右,这一结论与我国西部地区现存的绿洲尺度统计结果十分一致;绿洲植被覆盖率为0.6左右时,最利于绿洲发展.另外对植被空间分布方式和绿洲植被组成比例上也进行了数值实验,并对影响绿洲生存和持续发展的内、外因子气候效应的影响力量级进行了分级.这些结果对于深入了解绿洲气候的形成和维持机理具有重要的意义.

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