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大气科学  2006 

一个气候系统模式FGCM0对东亚副热带西风急流季节变化的模拟

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2006.06.12

Keywords: 东亚,副热带西风急流,季节变化,海气耦合模式

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Abstract:

对IAP/LASG气候系统模式试验版(FGCM0)模拟对流层上层东亚副热带西风急流季节变化的能力进行评估,分析FGCM0模拟的东亚副热带西风急流季节变化与NCEP/NCAR再分析资料的差异及其与对流层大气南北温差的关系.结果表明,FGCM0模拟的冬季和夏季西风急流垂直结构、水平结构和季节变化与NCEP/NCAR再分析资料基本一致,但FGCM0模拟的东亚副热带西风急流在高原附近地区冬季和夏季都偏强,沿115°E中国大陆地区上空模拟的急流强度冬季偏弱,夏季明显偏强.夏季FGCM0模拟的急流中心位于高原东北部的40°N附近地区,强度偏强,位置偏东,而此时NCEP/NCAR再分析资料中的急流中心却位于高原北侧.此外,FGCM0模拟的急流在5月份的北移和8月份的最北位置上与NCEP/NCAR再分析资料差异较大.分析副热带西风急流与对流层南北温差的季节变化发现,急流出现的位置总是对应着对流层南北温度差较大区域,与再分析资料相比,FGCM0模拟的温度差在冬季基本一致,夏季差异较大.与降水的模拟相联系发现,FGCM0模拟得到的与实际不一致的偏西偏北的强降水中心与200hPa上的东亚副热带急流位置和强度不合理具有密切关系.相关分析表明,冬季西风急流强度与日本南部海区的感热通量、夏季与青藏高原地区的地面感热通量有明显的正相关关系,而FGCM0能够较好地模拟冬季西风急流强度与地面感热通量之间的相关关系,但模拟夏季青藏高原地区感热通量和副热带西风急流之间相关关系的能力相对较差,夏季西风急流强度与OLR之间却有一定的关系.由于与强降水区相联系的OLR低值区对应着较大的对流凝结加热,再加上模式中位于青藏高原东南部较大的地面感热加热,增强了对流层的南北向温度差,进而影响东亚副热带急流强度和位置.因此,FGCM0模拟的夏季副热带急流位置和强度偏差与高原附近地区的地面感热加热、大气射出长波辐射等的模拟偏差具有密切的关系.

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