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大气科学  2008 

超强台风“桑美”(2006)近海急剧增强特征及机理分析

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2008.02.18

Keywords: 台风,近海,强度,变化

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Abstract:

应用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,对超强台风“桑美”(2006)在中国近海急剧增强的特征及机理进行分析。结果表明,“桑美”台风强度变化与南亚高压、副热带高压的强度变化呈反相变化关系;介于-4~4m/s弱的200hPa和850hPa高低层环境风垂直切变是“桑美”台风急剧增强的必要条件;台风中心附近对流层高层辐散的增强、中心附近正涡度的增大和正涡度柱向对流层中上层伸展导致“桑美”台风急剧增强,对流层中层辐散和涡度的增大与台风的减弱密切相关;“桑美”台风急剧增强过程中,对流层高层动能的下传是对流层低层动能补充的重要途径之一;“桑美”台风近海急剧增强具有前兆性,急剧增强对风垂直切变、850hPa角动量和动能区域平均值变化的响应时间大约为18h,这些可为提前预测我国近海台风的强度急剧变化提供参考。

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