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大气科学  2008 

一次东风波及其诱生低涡的螺旋度特征分析

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2008.01.16

Keywords: 东风波,中尺度低涡,螺旋度,Q矢量,MM5模拟

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Abstract:

利用美国国家环境预报中心NCEP1°×1°再分析资料,详细阐述了2001年8月3~4日浙南闽北的东风波暴雨过程的螺旋度的计算方法,并根据螺旋度(Helicity)和Q矢量(Qvectordivergence)分析了过程中的暴雨演变以及雁荡山脉诱生中尺度低涡发生发展的原因。同时,利用中尺度有限区域模式MM5V2对该东风波诱生中尺度低涡进行模拟。结果表明:螺旋度大值中心强度和位置的演变较好地反映了暴雨落区和中尺度低涡的诱生、移动,螺旋度的时空演变对暴雨发生有一定的预示意义,螺旋度计算较中尺度模式诱生低涡的初生位置、路径预报准确率高,两者集成可以提高诱生低涡的预报准确率。同时,螺旋度梯度大值区和Q矢量散度梯度大值区叠加区的时空演变对暴雨发生、诱生低涡的初生位置预示准确,说明该叠加区对降水和系统的诊断能力强,具有很好的指示意义。

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