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大气科学  2009 

MODIS反照率产品在模拟黄河源区陆面过程和降水中的应用

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2009.06.06

Keywords: 地表反照率,黄河源区,WRF模式,卫星遥感资料同化,降水

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Abstract:

地表反照率是陆面过程中一个重要的物理量,其变化直接影响地表能量的收支状况,进而可以影响气温和降水等其它气象要素。本文利用WRF(WeatherResearchandForecasting)模式,通过两组数值模拟试验分别探讨了地表反照率改变在黄河源区不同下垫面情况下潜热、感热的分配关系,详细分析了地表反照率改变对降水变化的影响机制,最后应用EOS/MODIS地表反照率产品替代原模式低时空分辨率的地表反照率。研究结果表明:(1)当地表反照率减少(增加)时,模拟的区域平均地表温度、感热、潜热数值相应增大(减少)。当地表反照率减少0.1时,地表温度上升约1.0K,感热和潜热量增量比约为3∶1。(2)地表反照率改变对降水量变化影响最大的区域是黄河源区下游的草场区域,其次是黄河源头区域,最小的是黄河源区北部的稀疏植被区域。地表反照率通过对大气动力、热力以及水汽条件的影响,使得降水发生的环境改变,主要体现在:当地表反照率减少时,地表气压的减少使得大气低层的辐合气流增强,有利于上升运动的发生;2.0m气温的升高增强了大气近地层的热力不稳定度;2.0m比湿的增加表明近地层空气水汽含量增加。(3)与实况对比分析发现,使用卫星遥感产品后在月尺度上能够更准确地模拟降水量的变化过程。

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