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大气科学  2010 

超强台风“桑美”(2006)能量发展的物理因子

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2010.04.01

Keywords: 台风,近海,能量发展,物理因子

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Abstract:

应用非线性动力系统的研究方法,基于NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,以超强台风“桑美”(2006)在我国近海的突然增强和突然减弱过程为例,从动能角度分析热带气旋能量发展的条件,将分析结果转化为可用于分析预测热带气旋强度变化的实用指标,如非热成风涡度、热成风偏差及其垂直变化。结果表明:热带气旋中心附近存在非热成风涡度负值中心,有利于近海热带气旋突然增强;非热成风涡度的变化与热带气旋中心气压变化有较好的一致性。当扰动自下向上传播时,在热带气旋增强阶段热成风偏差为正值,而在减弱阶段为负值;当外围波扰向内核传播时,在热带气旋增强阶段热成风偏差垂直变化为负值,而在减弱阶段为正值,热成风偏差及其垂直变化的这种变化在对流层中低层更明显。当扰动自下向上、自外围向内核传播时,在热带气旋增强阶段非热成风涡度为负值、热成风偏差为正值、热成风偏差垂直变化为负值;减弱阶段则相反。

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