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大气科学  2010 

华南沿海暖海雾过程中的湍流热量交换特征

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2010.04.05

Keywords: 暖海雾,湍流热量交换,风切变,雾顶长波辐射冷却

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Abstract:

湍流交换是海雾中的关键物理过程,在海雾的热量和水汽平衡过程中起重要作用。本文根据2007年3月24~25日一次海雾的外场观测数据,分析了海雾过程中近海面湍流热量交换特征;并在区分风切变机械湍流与雾顶长波辐射冷却热力湍流的基础上,着重分析了两种不同性质的湍流对海雾发展和维持的作用。结果表明:(1)本次海雾是在西南低压和变性冷高压的控制下,来自南海东部暖水区的空气平流在近岸冷海面上形成的暖海雾;暖海雾中的湍流热量交换过程比冷海雾更为复杂;(2)在暖海雾的形成和消散阶段,风切变机械湍流的热量输送起主要作用;而在发展和维持阶段,既有风切变机械湍流的热量输送作用,也有雾顶长波辐射冷却热力湍流的热量输送作用;(3)风切变机械湍流向冷海面输送热量,对近海面空气起到降温和增湿作用;热力湍流同样向冷海面输送热量,但对雾层起到增温和降湿作用;(4)暖海雾中的湍流热量交换机制与雾层的非充分混合结构有密切关系。

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