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大气科学  2011 

平流层气溶胶与多种微量气体以及温度的关系

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2011.06.14

Keywords: 平流层气溶胶微量气体温度变化滞后相关二维数值模式

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Abstract:

本文采用卤素掩星试验(HalogenOccultationExperiment,HALOE)资料探讨了火山活动相对平静期平流层气溶胶与O3、H2O、HCl、NOx、CH4、HF等微量气体以及温度的关系。滞后相关分析显示气溶胶与微量气体和温度有显著关系,不同成分的相关性特征有所差异,中低纬度上空70~20hPa高度上气溶胶与温度呈负相关。标准化多元线性回归显示温度变化的直接贡献者主要是温室气体,气溶胶的直接贡献很有限。本文采用环境重要成分的化学、辐射和输送模式SOCRATES(SimulationofChemistry,Radiation,andTransportofEnvironmentallyimportantSpecies)模拟了气溶胶变化对平流层的影响,微量气体和温度的响应总体上与HALOE资料的分析结果吻合,温度的变化幅度远小于气溶胶的变化幅度。结果表明:在气溶胶含量较高的气层内,气溶胶表面的非均相反应对气溶胶与微量气体的关系有重要影响。不同于火山喷发后的致暖,在火山活动相对平静期气溶胶的辐射效应为致冷,这与气溶胶含量较低有关,气溶胶通过非均相反应引起的间接辐射效应强于其自身的辐射效应,但总辐射效应对温度变化的贡献很小。

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