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大气科学  2011 

青藏高原一次强对流过程对水汽垂直输送的数值模拟

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2011.06.06

Keywords: 青藏高原对流云水汽输送数值模拟

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Abstract:

本文采用中尺度天气研究预测模式(WRF)模拟了青藏高原那曲地区的一次强对流过程,分析了强对流对水汽的垂直输送量及对模式不同云微物理参数化方案的敏感性。通过与实测资料的比较,发现此次模拟在对流发生时间、地点、降水时间等方面均与实际接近。敏感性试验表明:当对流发生时,对流区域向上的水汽通量随海拔高度呈先增大后减小的趋势,该趋势对参数化方案不敏感。24小时总水汽垂直输送量随高度的变化也是如此。成因分析表明,这与云微物理过程参数化对所模拟云中垂直上升运动的影响有关。由于强对流对水汽的垂直输送作用所引起的对流层上层加湿程度和加湿作用持续时间都对云微物理参数化方案敏感,当选用不同云微物理方案进行模拟时,对流层上层水汽混合比的过程最大值可造成20.3%的差异,使对流层上层加湿所持续的时间从1.5到7小时不等。进行24小时平均后,对流层上层湿度对云微物理方案的敏感性虽然有所减少,但方案间的最大差异仍有14.3%。因此,本文利用WRF对个例的模拟结果表明,在利用WRF数值模式研究强对流对对流层上层区域湿度的影响时,云微物理方案的不确定性对结果的影响在一天尺度内仍是不可忽视的。

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