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大气科学  2011 

瞬变天气涡旋对北大西洋涛动的增强效应

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2011.05.12

Keywords: 瞬变天气涡旋北大西洋涛动瞬变涡度通量

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Abstract:

使用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料计算了冬季北大西洋瞬变涡旋活动强度与北大西洋涛动(NAO)逐日指数的时间序列,结果发现:当涡旋活动强度出现峰值后会伴随NAO模态增强现象;而随着NAO的增强,涡旋能量回落。为了判断是否涡流相互作用将天气尺度的能量转换为低频尺度的能量,使用瞬变涡度通量来研究涡度与能量的传输。通过分析瞬变涡旋与低频环流随时间的演变,发现瞬变涡旋可以激发出低频异常,其对涡度的输送可以加强低频异常,使得NAO指数增强。由于涡旋与低频流以及涡度通量均随时间变化,不一定总能达到平衡,因此从方程稳定性解的角度来分析在足够长的时段各种随机涡旋对于激发类似NAO模态的响应所起到的综合作用,结果显示瞬变涡旋使得稳定性解更接近于NAO模态。

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