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大气科学  2013 

长江中下游地区冬季极端降水事件与天气尺度瞬变波活动的可能联系

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2012.12033

Keywords: 极端降水,瞬变波,天气尺度,长江中下游

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Abstract:

利用ERA40、NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料和长江中下游地区85站逐日降水资料,从大气内部天气尺度瞬变波的角度对长江中下游地区极端降水事件进行了成因分析。研究发现瞬变波活动与极端降水的发生关系密切;冬季在两支急流并存的欧亚大陆上空存在南北两支瞬变波活跃带。南支瞬变波在冬季极端降水频发、少发年存在较明显的差异。总体而言,极端降水频发年,瞬变波活动活跃,欧亚大陆上空的瞬变波持续时间长、传播连续、强度偏强;极端降水少发年,则反之。从逐日变化来看,南支瞬变波的强度和能量传播过程与极端降水的发生频次均具有一定的对应关系。北支瞬变波的传播及瞬变波对水汽的输送和极端降水的发生也有一定促进作用。这些结果均表明,冬季极端降水的发生与天气尺度瞬变波的活动联系紧密,天气尺度瞬变波的异常活动及传播可能是极端降水发生的重要条件,研究可为极端降水的成因研究提供新的思路。

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