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大气科学  2013 

基于CloudSat卫星资料分析东太平洋台风的云、降水和热力结构特征

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2012.12103

Keywords: CloudSat,台风,雷达反射率,降雨率,热力结构

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Abstract:

利用2006~2010年的CloudSat热带气旋过境数据集资料,依据风速大小划分为不同演变阶段,对各阶段内东太平洋台风的云、降水和热力结构进行综合分析。结果表明:雷达反射率在5km高度上下的分布截然相反,沿径向回波强度和顶高不断减小。各类云沿径向和垂直方向的分布差异较大,而深对流云的垂直尺度和发生概率始终较大。有效粒子半径、分布宽度参数和冰水含量随高度减小而粒子数浓度却增大,沿径向各冰云参数以及降雨率都不断减小。各阶段降雨率总体上夏季大于秋季,沿纬向各季节在不同阶段的分布各异。内核区降雨率近似服从指数分布且对暖的海面温度SST较为敏感,其与雷达反射率的散点分布集中在三个区域内。内核区5~10km高度存在暖核结构,其下方恰好对应湿心区,而10km以上相对湿度距平较大值区对应台风顶部的卷云罩。各阶段4.5km以上为对流性稳定层结而该高度以下的层结特性各异,此外假相当位温沿径向不断减小。

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