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大气科学  2013 

台风Nari(0116)登陆台湾过程中结构强度变化的诊断分析

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2012.11115

Keywords: 热带气旋,台湾地形,海峡效应,结构强度变化

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Abstract:

利用中国气象局上海台风研究所整编的2001年《热带气旋年鉴》、美国NCEP最后分析FNL1°×1°全球格点资料以及日本气象厅云顶亮温(TBB)资料等,对0116号台风Nari自北向南穿越台湾岛过程中的结构强度变化进行诊断分析,结果表明:(1)登陆过程中Nari云系结构从圆形变为半圆形,其环流西部对流云团旺盛,而东部为无云或少云区.Nari在岛上期间一直维持这种非对称结构特征.(2)在穿越台湾岛过程中,Nari西部环流内低空急流轴从其北侧逆时针延伸至南侧.一方面,切向风角动量的增加和传播有利于台风涡旋环流的加强,另一方面,低空急流附近的水汽通量辐合及急流轴左侧较强的正涡度区,有利于气旋性环流的长久维持.(3)Nari的结构强度变化与台湾岛地形及海峡效应有密切关系.Nari环流西部位于台湾岛迎风一侧上升运动加强,而Nari环流东部位于背风一侧上升运动则受抑制,对Nari形成半圆形非对称对流分布起积极作用;而台湾海峡的狭管效应加速台风通过气流,有利于Nari环流西部低空急流的形成和增强.(4)动能收支诊断表明,Nari登陆过程中动能的主要来源是动能制造项,水平辐合运动也对其提供动能.

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