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大气科学  2014 

一个长生命期准静止中尺度对流系统的观测特征及其持续的环境条件

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2013.13150

Keywords: 长生命期,准静止TL/ASMCS(邻接层状单向发展的中尺度对流系统),观测特征,持续条件

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Abstract:

2010年5月31日至6月1日华南特大暴雨过程经历了三次集中降水期,共有4次MCS(MesoscaleConvectiveSystems)演变过程,其中一个TL/ASMCS(TrainingLine/AdjoiningStratiformMesoscaleConvectiveSystem,邻接层状单向发展的中尺度对流系统)在广西壮族自治区中部准静止地维持了10多个小时,导致了多个观测站出现极端强降水。用观测资料和数值模拟结果重点探讨了该TL/ASMCS的观测特征及其发展持续的环境条件。结果表明,准静止TL/ASMCS发展在一个高空强辐散、低空气旋性汇合环流的天气尺度环境中,TL/ASMCS维持期间热力环境特征表现为对流层中低层持续高湿近饱和态、偏中性层结、合适的对流有效位能和极小的对流抑制能量。在对流层中低层,低空急流的加强发展维持与对流层中层相对弱的环境风形成了风垂直切变随高度呈现强逆转,近地层风垂直切变垂直于对流线的分量大,而在中层风垂直切变平行于对流线的分量占绝对优势,风切变特征可能是TL/ASMCS准静止的原因;低空急流和中层环流的相互作用、对流层动力和热力条件有利于强上升运动的长时间维持与发展,不断触发新对流从而组织成一个长生命期准静止的TL/ASMCS

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