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大气科学  2015 

东亚海陆表面温度季节性增温差异对东亚夏季风强度的影响

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1502.14228

Keywords: 海陆热力差 东亚夏季风 季节性增温

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Abstract:

本文通过对比几种不同的东亚夏季风强度指数,发现东亚及附近地区海陆表面温度的变化与东亚夏季风强度有密切联系。在此基础上,根据强、弱夏季风年东亚表面温度差值的逐候数据做EOF分析,结果发现:第一模态可以揭示从春到夏的季节转换,中国东部陆地增温相对较快,而西太平洋及孟加拉湾海温增温较慢,季节转换提前,有利于夏季风偏强;第二模态则反映了春季中高纬度地区增温快、中低纬增温慢的情形,有利于夏季风增强。在5月份两种模态的综合作用显示:陆地较冷、海洋较暖,夏季陆地的快速增温、海洋增温慢,有利于夏季风增强。将上述影响因素引入到改进的东亚夏季风强度指数中,修正后的指数可以反映东亚地区5月到夏季的海陆增温特点以及季节转换的早晚,并更好地描述了季风区中、高纬度的热力差异,合理地解释夏季风强度与西北太平洋副高及低空急流的关系,因此新指数能够更好地反映全国范围内夏季降水的特点

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