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大气科学  2015 

梅雨锋上边界层中尺度扰动涡旋的个例研究

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1410.14212

Keywords: 中尺度涡旋 锋生 梅雨锋 雷达 边界层

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Abstract:

运用实况自动站、高时空分辨率的雷达和数值模拟资料,对2009年7月24日的梅雨锋暴雨过程进行了分析,结果表明:(1)锋面南侧的暖区弱降水环境内,近地面的风场会有扰动涡旋出现,随着扰动涡旋趋于稳定和向上发展,降水迅速加强,形成短时暴雨,并伴随有大风出现。(2)偏西气流从边界层开始发展并加强为急 流,在向东推进的过程中逐渐抬升,形成了一支从边界层倾斜入对流层低层的急流轴;而偏南气流与偏北风相遇之后,不仅形成风向的辐合和切变,而且在空间上被抬升,形成了一支斜升入流。(3)在近地面风场的切变和 辐合作用下,锋生与辐合同步加强,边界层内的涡度也逐渐增强,由此带动了扰动的发生发展,扰动涡旋在边界层内率先形成,随后,在急流的东传和抬升影响下,扰动涡旋也逐步向东移动、向上发展。(4)近地面风速的加强、风向的辐合切变导致了扰动涡旋的发生和形成,并逐渐发展,这是边界层中尺度扰动涡旋发生发展的动力 因子

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