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大气科学  2015 

热带印度洋与全球大气相互作用的信息传输特征分析

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1408.13334

Keywords: 海表温度 海气相互作用 信息源/汇 季节差异 年代际变化

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Abstract:

基于气象场信息源汇概念和定义方法, 使用海表温度(SST)和位势高度场(GH)资料计算热带印度洋和全球大气相互作用过程中的信息传递, 给出了热带印度洋(20°S~20°N, 50°E~100°E)与热带地区、北半球和南半球大气之间的信息传递的区域分布特征, 并分析热带印度洋与大气相互作用中信息传递特征的季节差异和年代际变化。研究结果表明, 热带印度洋信息源主要分布在(10°S~10°N, 60°E~90°E)的区域内, 北半球和南半球大气信息汇均呈现显著的带状分布, 且主要分布在中纬度地区, 而热带地区的大气信息汇则主要分布于热带中东太平洋上空。热带印度洋对处在冬半年的半球的影响更强, 不同季节下热带印度洋与大气相互作用中的信息源汇证实了这一可能性。同时, 热带印度洋与大气之间的信息传递特征在20世纪70年代末期的年代际气候转型前后南北半球的变化不太一致:北半球大气对热带印度洋的响应存在不同程度的减弱, 南半球则存在不同程度的增强

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