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大气科学  2015 

青藏高原东侧四川地区夜雨时空变化特征

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1405.13307

Keywords: 夜雨 四川省 时空变化 气候特征

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Abstract:

本文利用四川地区1971~2012年29个气象站逐小时降水资料,计算四川地区雨季(5~9月)夜雨比例、夜雨强度和夜雨频次,并通过区域平均与趋势分析等统计方法,分析了其空间差异与时间变化特征,结果表明:(1)四川地区雨季夜雨占日降水量的比例较大,且具有显著的区域性差异,盆地西南部的夜雨占日降水量的比例最大,川西高原东北与川东北则为明显的两个低值区;(2)川东北地区雨季具有夜雨占日降水量的比例较小、夜雨发生概率也较低、但其夜雨强度却较大的特征,川西高原则与之相反,而盆地西南部的夜雨发生频次虽然不是很高,但夜雨强度和夜雨比例都较大;(3)42年平均四川地区雨季逐日变化,夜雨占日降水量的比例表现为先下降、后上升的特征,夜雨强度与夜雨比例相反,呈先上升、后下降的波动趋势,而夜雨频次的逐日变化呈现出明显的双峰特征;(4)四川地区夜雨比例、夜雨强度和夜雨频次的年变化具有一定差异。20世纪70、80年代,其夜雨频次和夜雨比例均较大,但呈减少趋势,而夜雨强度20世纪70年代较小,80年代较大,呈增大趋势。20世纪90年代,夜雨强度、频次和比例都处于较低状态;21世纪,夜雨强度和夜雨比例都开始明显增大,而夜雨频次增大相对滞后,其中,21世纪夜雨频次和夜雨比例波动明显

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