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大气科学  2004 

梅雨锋上的三类暴雨

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2004.02.03

Keywords: 梅雨锋,暴雨,对流有效位能,大尺度强迫

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Abstract:

根据观测分析研究,概括出长江流域梅雨锋上主要有三类暴雨:梅雨锋上β中尺度的对流性暴雨、梅雨锋东部(115°E以东)的初生气旋暴雨、梅雨锋西端深厚高空低压槽前部的持续性强暴雨.第一类暴雨局地性特征明显,其范围一般小于300km,暴雨的瞬时强度大,暴雨发生所需的强上升运动由局地强的对流有效位能(CAPE)释放的浮力抬升引起.第二类和第三类暴雨的共同点在于都有明显的大尺度强迫过程,大尺度的动力强迫使持续暴雨所需的垂直上升运动得以维持.后两类暴雨的数值预报效果较第一类的好,比梅雨锋上β中尺度暴雨预报更容易掌握.

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